Question: What is the difference between Māyāvāda, Brahmavāda, Jñāna-marga and Kevalādvaitavāda? Some equate them all as the same, while others say that Śaṅkarites are Māyāvādis and jñāna-margis are different. Could you kindly shed some light on this subject?
Answer: They are all the same. They are all Jñāna-mārga. That is the most common name.
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Adharmic Rulers
Question: Why did Kṛṣṇa let the British rulers get away with implementing many adharmic things, and basically doing what they wanted, while ruling India, or lands that are part of India now? Maybe to a large extent, British rulers behaved like demons or demonic people, or could they simply be ignorant?
Answer: It is not Kṛṣṇa’s responsibility. He comes to teach dharma, and it is our duty to know, practice and protect dharma. He says very clearly in Gītā 9.29 that He is equal to all. He has established the law of karma to take care of one’s bad deeds. It was the duty of the rulers of India to protect dharma and fight with the adharmic forces. Unfortunately, they failed in their duty and the adharmic forces won. Now you can attribute it to Kṛṣṇa or someone else.
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Mahaprabhu for Caste System?
Question: Did Mahāprabhu Śrī Gaurāṅga support the caste system? What was his opinion on this matter? I would like to have quote from the śāstra and your own opinion on this. In my small view, dharma is always changing based on time and circumstances, or the yuga-dharma.
Answer: Caste system is a wrong translation for varṇāśrama system. Sometimes the original sense of the word is lost when translated into another language. Mahāprabhu certainly supported the varṇāśrama system. Otherwise, why did he take sannyāsa, which is part of varṇāśrama system? He followed the principles of sannyāsa very strictly. Otherwise, why did he banish Choṭā Haridāsa from his association? He also did not take Haridāsa Ṭhākura to the Jagannātha temple. He gave importance to bhakti but he did not do anything to demolish or deconstruct the varṇāśrama system. I do not find any proof of it.
Sanātana Goswāmī did not even go near siṁha-dvāra to avoid polluting the pūjārīs of the Jagannātha temple because he considered himself fallen from the brāhmaṇa status. If Mahāprabhu did not believe in varṇāśrama system he would not care, as many modern Vaiṣṇavas do not care. In Caitanya-caritāmṛta there are references to Vaiṣṇavas by their jāti. You can look for it yourself.
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Vaiṣṇava Saṁpradāyas
Question: Are there proper scriptural references for four Vaiṣṇava saṁpradāyas?
Answer: I have not seen one. The popular verse that says there will be four sampradāyas in Kaliyuga is supposed to be from Padma Purāṇa. However, it is not found in the present printed editions.
Question: If only these four saṁpradāyas are genuine, what can be said about others in the Indian sub-continent? There are many saṁpradāyas who claim to be Vaiṣṇavas.
Answer: There are no references stating that there are only four saṁpradāyas.
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